Trade Names:Crolom- Solution, ophthalmic 4%
Trade Names:Cromolyn sodium- Solution, inhalation 20 mg per 2 mL- Solution, ophthalmic 4%
Trade Names:Gastrocrom- Concentrate, oral 100 mg per 5 mL
Trade Names:Intal- Solution, inhalation 20 mg/amp- Aerosol inhalation 800 mcg/actuation
Trade Names:Nasalcrom- Solution, nasal 40 mg/mL (each actuation delivers 5.2 mg)
Apo-Cromolyn (Canada)Cromolyn (Canada)Nalcrom (Canada)Opticrom (Canada)Stabilizes mast cells, which release histamine and other mediators of allergic reactions.
8% absorbed from the lungs.
Oral concentrateUp to 1% absorbed.
After 8% is absorbed from the lung, it is rapidly excreted unchanged in bile and urine. The remainder is either exhaled or swallowed and excreted via the alimentary tract.
Oral concentrate0.28% to 0.5% of the dose is excreted in the urine.
Prophylactic agent for management of bronchial asthma.
Nasal sprayPrevent and relieve nasal symptoms of hay fever and other nasal allergies, including runny/itchy nose, sneezing, and allergic stuffy nose.
Oral concentrateTreatment of mastocytosis.
OphthalmicTreatment of vernal keratoconjunctivitis, vernal conjunctivitis, and vernal keratitis.
Symptoms of food allergies; eczema; dermatitis; ulceration; urticaria pigmentosa; chronic urticaria; hay fever; and postexercise bronchospasm.
Standard considerations.
Nebulization Initially 20 mg inhaled 4 times daily at regular intervals.
Adults and Children (older than 5 yr of age)Aerosol 2 metered sprays (1,600 mcg) inhaled 4 times daily at regular intervals.
MastocytosisAdults and Children 13 yr of age and olderPO 200 mg 4 times daily 30 min before meals and at bedtime. Once a therapeutic response has been achieved, dose may be reduced to minimum needed to maintain a lower degree of symptomatology. To prevent relapses, dosage should be maintained.
Children 2 to 12 yr of agePO 100 mg 4 times daily 30 min before meals and at bedtime. If satisfactory control of symptoms is not achieved within 2 to 3 wk, dosage may be increased (max, 40 mg/kg/day). Once a therapeutic response has been achieved, dose may be reduced to minimum needed to maintain a lower degree of symptomatology. To prevent relapses, dosage should be maintained.
Nasal AllergyAdults and Children 2 yr of age and olderNasal spray Spray once into each nostril; repeat 3 to 4 times daily (every 4 to 6 h up to 6 times/day) if needed.
Prevention of Acute BronchospasmAdultsNebulizer solution/aerosol 2 metered dose sprays or 20 mg via inhaled nebulizer (10 to 15 min but no longer than 60 min) before exposure to precipitating factor.
Vernal Keratoconjunctivitis, Vernal Conjunctivitis, and Vernal KeratitisAdultsOphthalmic solution 1 to 2 drops in each eye 4 to 6 times/day at regular intervals.
Store between 59° and 86°F. Do not puncture, incinerate, or place near heat sources.
Nasal sprayStore between 68° and 77°F. Protect from light.
Nebulizer solutionStore between 69° and 77°F. Protect from light.
Ophthalmic solutionStore between 59° and 86°F. Protect from light. Keep tightly closed. Replace cap immediately after use.
Oral concentrateStore between 59° and 86°F. Protect from light.
None well documented.
None well documented.
Palpitations, premature ventricular contractions, tachycardia (postmarketing).
Dizziness, headache.
Oral concentrateIrritability, malaise; anxiety, behavior change, convulsions, depression, fatigue, hallucinations, hypoesthesia, insomnia, migraine, nervousness, paresthesia (postmarketing).
Nebulizer solutionDrowsiness.
Rash, urticaria.
Oral concentratePruritus, rash; erythema/burning, flushing, photosensitivity, purpura, urticaria/angioedema (postmarketing).
Lacrimation, laryngeal edema, nasal congestion, pharyngeal irritation, swollen parotid gland, throat irritation or dryness.
Nebulizer solutionNasal congestion, nasal itching, nose burning, nosebleed, sneezing.
Ophthalmic solutionConjunctival injection, dryness around the eye, eye irritation, itchy eyes, ocular burning and stinging upon installation, puffy eyes, styes, watery eyes.
Oral concentratePharyngitis, tinnitus (postmarketing).
Bad taste, nausea, substernal burning.
Nebulizer solutionNausea, stomachache.
Oral concentrateAbdominal pain, diarrhea, nausea; constipation, dyspepsia, dysphagia, esophagospasm, flatulence, glossitis, stomatitis, vomiting (postmarketing).
Dysuria, urinary frequency.
Oral concentrateDysuria, urinary frequency (postmarketing).
Neutropenia, pancytopenia, polycythemia (postmarketing).
Abnormal LFTs (postmarketing).
Joint swelling and pain, myopathy.
Oral concentrateMyalgia; arthralgia, stiffness/weakness of legs (postmarketing).
Bronchospasm, cough, pulmonary infiltrates with eosinophilia, wheezing.
Nasal solutionCough, wheezing.
Oral concentrateDyspnea (postmarketing).
Anaphylaxis, angioedema.
Nebulizer solutionSerum sickness.
Ophthalmic solutionImmediate hypersensitivity (including edema, dyspnea, and rash)
Oral concentrateChest pain, edema, lupus erythematosus syndrome, postprandial lightheadedness and lethargy (postmarketing).
MonitorInstruct patients to notify health care provider of the following: wheezing or coughing after inhalation or stinging effect after nasal instillation, joint pain, severe wheezing, difficulty breathing, chills, sweating, or chest pain, which may indicate eosinophilic pneumonia. Therapeutic efficacyEvaluate therapeutic efficacy by decrease in frequency or severity of clinical symptoms or decrease in need for cotherapy over period of 4 wk. |
Category B .
Undetermined.
Safety and efficacy not established in children younger than 5 yr of age.
Nebulizer solutionSafety and efficacy not established in children younger than 2 yr of age.
Nasal sprayDo not use in children younger than 2 yr of age unless directed by health care provider.
Ophthalmic solutionSafety and efficacy not established in children younger than 4 yr of age.
Oral concentrateSafety and efficacy not established in children younger than 2 yr of age.
Use with caution, usually starting at low end of dosage range, because of the greater frequency of decreased hepatic, renal, or cardiac function, and of concomitant diseases or other drug therapy.
Severe anaphylactic reactions may occur.
Decreased dose is recommended.
Decreased dose is recommended.
Do not use for acute asthma attack. Effects depend on regular administration.
Use with caution in patients with coronary artery disease or cardiac arrhythmias because of propellants in this preparation.
Cough or bronchospasm may follow inhalation.
If signs of this condition occur, therapy will need to be discontinued.
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